Leghorn chickens typically live for 5 to 7 years, depending on their care, environment, and health management.
Leghorn chickens typically live 5–7 years, though their productive egg-laying years span just 2–4 years. These Mediterranean birds are egg-laying champions, but their lifespan depends on factors like environment, care, and whether they’re heritage or industrial strains.
Leghorn Chicken Basics
Originally from Italy, Leghorns were bred for exceptional egg production. They come in standard (4.5–6 lbs) and bantam (22–26 oz) sizes with either single or rose combs. The white variety dominates commercial operations, but they actually come in 16 recognized color varieties including:
- Barred
- Black
- Buff
- Exchequer
- Silver
Their distinctive features include bright red combs, white earlobes, and yellow legs/beaks. The single comb variety is more prone to frostbite than the rose comb type, an important consideration in cold climates.
Factors Affecting Leghorn Lifespan
1. Environment & Care
Proper housing extends a Leghorn’s life. They need:
- 4 sq ft coop space per bird
- 10 sq ft run space per bird
- Protection from predators
- Clean, dry bedding
For those going on vacation, learn how to care for chickens when away to maintain their health.
2. Diet & Nutrition
Leghorns thrive on:
| Age | Feed Type | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| 0-8 weeks | Starter crumbles | Free choice |
| 8-16 weeks | Grower feed | 1/4 lb/day |
| 16+ weeks | Layer pellets | 1/4–1/3 lb/day |
Supplement with calcium (oyster shell) and grit for digestion. Avoid overfeeding treats.
3. Egg Production Impact
Leghorns lay 280–320 eggs annually during peak years (1–2 years old). This intense production strains their bodies. After age 4, egg production declines significantly though they may live several more years.
Comparing Leghorn Lifespans to Other Breeds
While Leghorns live 5–7 years, other breeds have different lifespans:
- Rhode Island Reds: 5–8 years (learn more about Rhode Island Red lifespan)
- Orpingtons: 8–10 years
- Silkies: 7–9 years
- Cornish Cross: 1–2 years (meat breed)
The Backyard Chickens forum notes that well-cared-for Leghorns often reach the upper end of their lifespan range.
Extending Your Leghorn’s Life
Health Management
Key practices include:
- Regular deworming (every 3–6 months)
- Annual health checks
- Vaccinations if needed
- Prompt treatment of illnesses
Predator Protection
Leghorns’ active nature makes them vulnerable. Secure coops with:
- 1/2″ hardware cloth
- Locking doors
- Buried fencing
- Motion-activated lights
Stress Reduction
Minimize stress by:
- Maintaining consistent routines
- Providing adequate space
- Using proper pecking order management
- Offering enrichment activities
Retirement Years
After age 4, Leghorns transition to retirement:
- Egg production drops to 1–2 per week
- Switch to lower-protein feed (16% vs 18%)
- Provide joint supplements if needed
- Monitor for age-related issues
While not cuddly pets, retired Leghorns still contribute by:
- Eating pests
- Turning compost
- Teaching younger chickens
Final Thoughts
Leghorns offer exceptional egg production during their prime years and can live a full 5–7 years with proper care. Their lifespan reflects their Mediterranean heritage—they tolerate heat better than cold. Whether you keep them for eggs or simply enjoy their active personalities, understanding their lifespan helps provide appropriate care throughout all life stages.