Chickens should be given grit daily, especially if they are free-ranging or eating whole grains, to aid in digestion and maintain their health.
Grit is essential for chickens to properly digest their food. Unlike humans, chickens don’t have teeth to chew their meals. Instead, they rely on small stones in their gizzard to grind up food. This guide explains everything about chicken grit – how often to provide it, different types, and best practices.
What Is Chicken Grit and Why Is It Important?
Chicken grit consists of small, hard particles like crushed granite or flint. When chickens eat these particles, they collect in the gizzard – a muscular part of their digestive system. As the gizzard contracts, the grit helps grind up food into smaller, digestible pieces.
Without adequate grit, chickens may experience:
- Poor digestion of food
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Digestive blockages
- Decreased egg production
Types of Chicken Grit
1. Insoluble Grit
This is the standard digestive grit made from granite or flint. It comes in different sizes:
- Chick grit (fine particles for baby chickens)
- Grower grit (medium-sized for juveniles)
- Layer grit (larger pieces for adult hens)
2. Soluble Grit (Oyster Shell)
While not technically grit, oyster shell provides calcium for laying hens. It dissolves in the digestive system rather than staying in the gizzard. Learn more about why chickens need calcium for egg production.
How Often Should You Provide Grit?
The frequency depends on your chickens’ diet and environment:
| Situation | Grit Frequency |
|---|---|
| Chicks eating only starter feed | Not needed |
| Chicks eating treats/foraging (2+ weeks) | Offer chick grit daily |
| Free-range adults with access to stones | Supplement every 2-4 weeks |
| Confined adults eating varied diet | Provide continuously |
| Winter months (less foraging) | Provide continuously |
Best Practices for Offering Grit
- Start chicks on grit when introducing treats (around 2 weeks old)
- Use appropriately sized grit – chick, grower, or layer
- Offer in a separate container from feed
- Place multiple grit stations in large coops
- Monitor consumption – they’ll eat what they need
Common Grit Questions Answered
Can Chickens Get Too Much Grit?
Healthy chickens self-regulate their grit intake. However, if you notice excessive consumption, temporarily limit access and consult a vet. This could indicate digestive issues.
Do Free-Range Chickens Need Grit?
Chickens with access to varied terrain often find natural grit. However, supplementing ensures they always have enough, especially during winter or in sandy soil areas. Learn more about free-range chicken behavior.
What’s the Difference Between Grit and Oyster Shell?
Grit aids digestion while oyster shell provides calcium for egg production. Both are important but serve different purposes. Offer them separately so chickens can choose what they need.
Signs Your Chickens Need More Grit
Watch for these indicators:
- Undigested food in droppings
- Decreased appetite
- Weight loss
- Lower egg production
- Lethargy
For more on chicken health, read about parasite detection.
Where to Buy Quality Chicken Grit
Purchase grit from:
- Farm supply stores
- Online poultry retailers
- Feed stores
Look for grit specifically formulated for poultry. According to Backyard Chickens, insoluble granite grit is most effective for digestion.
Storing Chicken Grit Properly
Keep grit:
- In a dry, airtight container
- Away from moisture
- Separate from feed
Proper storage prevents clumping and maintains freshness. The Poultry Extension recommends checking grit monthly for moisture or mold.
Final Tips for Chicken Grit Success
Remember these key points:
- Start chicks on grit when introducing treats
- Match grit size to chicken age
- Offer grit freely to adult chickens
- Provide both grit and oyster shell separately
- Monitor your flock’s health and digestion