To train chickens to use a nesting box, place them inside the box regularly and reward them with treats to encourage nesting behavior.
Training chickens to use nesting boxes saves time, prevents egg loss, and keeps your coop organized. Whether you’re dealing with stubborn pullets or free-range hens that lay in hidden spots, these proven methods will help establish proper laying habits.
Why Chickens Avoid Nesting Boxes
Before training your flock, understand why they’re avoiding designated nesting areas:
- Poor location – Boxes placed in high-traffic or bright areas feel unsafe
- Dirty conditions – Soiled bedding or broken eggs deter hens
- Insufficient numbers – The recommended ratio is one box per 4-5 hens
- Uncomfortable bedding – Hard surfaces or thin padding discourage use
- Predator stress – Vulnerable boxes lead to alternative laying spots
The Psychology of Chicken Nesting
Chickens instinctively seek secluded, dark spaces that mimic wild nesting sites. A study by the University of Bristol found hens prefer enclosures with 60-70% light reduction for egg laying.
Step-by-Step Training Methods
1. The Fake Egg Technique
Place ceramic or wooden dummy eggs in each nesting box. This:
- Triggers maternal instincts to lay with the “clutch”
- Provides visual cues for young pullets
- Maintains attraction during low-laying periods
Pro tip: Golf balls work in a pinch but may roll. Secure them with bedding.
2. Strategic Confinement
Keep hens in the coop until midday (when most lay):
Breed | Peak Laying Time |
---|---|
Rhode Island Reds | 9-11 AM |
Leghorns | 7-9 AM |
Orpingtons | 10 AM-Noon |
This method pairs well with coop training techniques for stubborn birds.
3. Environmental Adjustments
Light Control
Install curtains or adjust coop lighting to create dim nesting areas. Hens prefer 5-10 lux illumination for laying (about twilight brightness).
Bedding Upgrades
Layer 4-6 inches of:
- Pine shavings (most absorbent)
- Straw (best insulation)
- Hemp bedding (naturally pest-resistant)
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Hens Sleeping in Nesting Boxes
This leads to dirty boxes and broken eggs. Solutions:
- Install roosts higher than nesting boxes
- Block boxes overnight with boards
- Add more roosting space (8-10″ per bird)
Egg Eating Behavior
According to University of Minnesota Extension, this habit starts when:
- Hens discover broken eggs taste good
- Nutritional deficiencies occur
- Boredom sets in
Break the cycle by:
- Collecting eggs 2-3 times daily
- Using rollaway nesting boxes
- Providing calcium supplements
Advanced Training for Problem Layers
The “Catch and Place” Method
When you spot a hen preparing to lay (pacing, squatting):
- Gently pick her up
- Place in a prepared nesting box
- Stay nearby until she settles
- Repeat for 3-5 days
Note: Works best with hand-tamed chickens.
Scent Marking
Rubbing fresh herbs (lavender, mint) in boxes:
- Masks stress odors
- Has calming effects
- Creates scent memory
Maintaining Good Habits
Once trained, keep hens using boxes with:
- Daily cleaning – Replace soiled bedding immediately
- Seasonal adjustments – Add heat pads in winter
- Predator proofing – Secure boxes against raccoons/snakes
- Regular inspections – Check for mites, cracks, or drafts