Chickens should be switched to layer feed at around 18 weeks of age, when they start laying eggs, to ensure optimal nutrition for egg production.
Knowing when to switch chickens to layer feed is crucial for their health and egg production. The right timing ensures proper nutrition without risking developmental issues. This guide covers everything you need to know about transitioning your flock to layer feed.
Best Age to Switch to Layer Feed
The ideal time to switch chickens to layer feed is between 18-20 weeks of age. This coincides with when most hens begin laying eggs. Some key points about timing:
- 18 weeks: Minimum recommended age for layer feed
- First egg: Absolute latest to make the switch
- 16 weeks: Earliest possible transition (with caution)
According to Purina Mills, 18 weeks marks adulthood for chickens and the start of their egg-laying needs.
Why Not Earlier Than 18 Weeks?
Layer feed contains high calcium levels (3-4%) that growing chicks don’t need. Excess calcium can:
- Damage developing kidneys
- Cause bone development issues
- Lead to urinary tract problems
How to Transition to Layer Feed
A gradual transition over 7-10 days helps prevent digestive upset:
| Days | Starter/Grower | Layer Feed |
|---|---|---|
| 1-3 | 75% | 25% |
| 4-6 | 50% | 50% |
| 7-10 | 25% | 75% |
| 11+ | 0% | 100% |
Tips for Smooth Transition
- Maintain the same feed form (pellets/crumbles)
- Keep feeding times consistent
- Monitor for any digestive issues
Layer Feed vs. Starter/Grower Feed
Layer feed differs significantly from starter/grower feeds:
| Nutrient | Starter/Grower | Layer Feed |
|---|---|---|
| Protein | 18-20% | 16-18% |
| Calcium | 1% | 3-4% |
| Phosphorus | 0.5% | 0.4% |
Alternative Approach
Some chicken keepers prefer to:
- Continue feeding starter/grower feed
- Provide oyster shell free-choice
- This allows hens to self-regulate calcium intake
This method works well if you’re feeding chickens without specialized equipment.
Signs Your Chickens Need Layer Feed
Watch for these indicators that it’s time to switch:
- Red comb and wattles
- Squatting behavior when approached
- Exploring nesting boxes
- First eggs appearing
If you notice watery eggs, it might indicate a need for more calcium from layer feed.
Special Considerations
Early Layers
Some breeds like Leghorns may start laying as early as 16 weeks. For these birds:
- Switch to layer feed at first signs of maturity
- Consider a 17-18% protein layer feed
Late Bloomers
Larger breeds like Orpingtons may not lay until 24+ weeks. For these:
- Wait until at least 20 weeks
- Monitor for laying signs
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Switching too early (before 16 weeks)
- Abrupt transitions causing digestive upset
- Not providing enough calcium after the switch
- Using medicated feeds for layers (can contaminate eggs)
Remember that proper nutrition is just one aspect of chicken care. You’ll also want to consider how to introduce chickens to new environments as they mature.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I mix my own layer feed?
Yes, but it’s challenging to get the nutrient balance right. Commercial feeds are formulated by poultry nutrition experts.
What if my chickens don’t like the new feed?
Try mixing in some treats initially, like mealworms or scratch grains, to encourage acceptance.
How long does a bag of layer feed last?
A 50lb bag typically lasts 4-6 hens about 2-3 weeks, depending on their free-ranging habits.
Can roosters eat layer feed?
Yes, but it’s not ideal long-term. Consider a flock raiser feed if you have both hens and roosters.