Fly strike in chickens is a severe condition caused by flies laying eggs on soiled feathers, leading to maggot infestation and potential health risks.
Fly strike (myiasis) is a life-threatening parasitic infestation where flies lay eggs on chickens, leading to maggot infections. This gruesome condition can kill a chicken within 48 hours if untreated. Warm weather, wounds, and dirty coops increase risks dramatically.
What Exactly Is Fly Strike?
Fly strike occurs when blowflies, botflies, or screwflies deposit eggs on a chicken’s body. These hatch into maggots that burrow into flesh—often targeting the vent area, wounds, or feces-matted feathers. Maggots secrete enzymes that liquefy tissue, causing:
- Necrotic wounds
- Systemic shock
- Blood poisoning
- Organ failure
According to avian veterinarians, eggs can hatch in just 8-12 hours in warm conditions. One fly can lay 150-200 eggs at a time.
High-Risk Areas on Chickens
| Body Part | Risk Factor |
|---|---|
| Vent/Cloaca | Feces accumulation attracts flies |
| Wounds | Open injuries are prime targets |
| Feathered Legs | Matted feathers trap moisture |
Spotting Fly Strike Early
Watch for these warning signs:
- Lethargy: Infected chickens isolate themselves
- Foul odor: Rotting flesh smell is unmistakable
- Visible maggots: Check under wings and vent daily
- Pecking wounds: Flock mates attack weakened birds
As noted in our article on chicken pecking behavior, bullying often signals health issues.
Emergency Treatment Protocol
Step 1: Isolate the Chicken
Move the bird to a clean, fly-proof area immediately. Use a dog crate or cardboard box lined with fresh bedding.
Step 2: Remove Maggots
Wear gloves and use:
- Warm water with blue Dawn dish soap
- Tweezers for stubborn maggots
- Chlorhexidine solution (1:40 dilution)
Step 3: Veterinary Care
Essential medications include:
- Antibiotics (Baytril or Tylan)
- Pain relief (Meloxicam)
- Topical silver sulfadiazine cream
Prevention Strategies
Coop Maintenance
Cleanliness is critical. Follow these steps:
- Remove droppings daily
- Use properly sized coops to prevent overcrowding
- Install fly traps and screens
Chicken Health Checks
Implement a weekly routine:
- Examine vents for cleanliness
- Check for wounds or swelling
- Apply poultry dust to feathers
Natural Deterrents
Plant these around runs:
- Lavender
- Mint
- Lemongrass
As discussed in our guide on stopping pecking behavior, environmental enrichment reduces stress that weakens immunity.
Special Considerations
High-Risk Chickens
These birds need extra monitoring:
- Elderly chickens
- Molting birds
- Broody hens
- Chickens with pasty butt
Seasonal Risks
Fly activity peaks when temperatures exceed 70°F (21°C). Increase inspections during:
- Late spring
- Summer months
- Early fall
According to PoultryDVM, mortality rates approach 100% in untreated cases. With prompt action, survival rates exceed 80%.
Aftercare for Survivors
Recovering chickens need:
- 2-3 weeks indoors
- Electrolyte supplements
- High-protein feed
- Daily wound checks
Fly strike is horrific but preventable. Consistent coop hygiene and regular health checks will protect your flock from this devastating condition.