A coop for 10 chickens should be at least 40-50 square feet, ensuring ample space for movement, nesting, and roosting to maintain their health and happiness.
Raising chickens requires proper housing to keep them healthy and productive. For 10 standard-sized hens, you’ll need a coop with 30-40 square feet of space plus outdoor run area. This guide covers everything from coop dimensions to ventilation needs.
Minimum Space Requirements for 10 Chickens
The general rule is 4 square feet per chicken inside the coop and 10 square feet per bird in the run. For 10 hens:
| Area | Minimum Size | Ideal Size |
|---|---|---|
| Coop Space | 40 sq ft (e.g. 5×8) | 50-60 sq ft (e.g. 6×10) |
| Run Space | 100 sq ft | 150-200 sq ft |
Why More Space is Better
While 4 sq ft per bird works, extra space prevents problems:
- Reduces pecking order disputes
- Allows room for natural behaviors
- Makes cleaning easier
- Provides space if you expand your flock
Coop Design Considerations
Ventilation Needs
Proper airflow prevents respiratory issues. Include:
- 1 sq ft of permanent ventilation per bird
- Windows with hardware cloth protection
- Ridge vents or soffit vents
Roosting Bars
Chickens need 8-12 inches of roost space each. For 10 hens:
- Provide 8-10 feet of total roosting space
- Place bars 2 feet off the ground
- Use 2×4 lumber with rounded edges
Nesting Boxes
You need fewer boxes than chickens:
- 3-4 boxes for 10 hens
- 12x12x12 inch dimensions
- Fill with pine shavings or straw
Learn more about training chickens to use nesting boxes.
Climate Considerations
Cold Weather Adjustments
In northern climates:
- Reduce to 3 sq ft per bird for warmth
- Add insulation but maintain ventilation
- Use the deep litter method
Hot Weather Adaptations
For southern areas:
- Increase to 5 sq ft per bird
- Add shade and misters
- Provide extra water stations
Run Size and Design
The outdoor run should be at least 10 sq ft per chicken. For 10 hens:
- Minimum: 10×10 feet (100 sq ft)
- Better: 12×15 feet (180 sq ft)
- Best: Allow free-ranging when possible
Include these run features:
- 6-foot tall fencing to contain birds
- Covered area for shade/rain protection
- Dust bathing area
- Perches and enrichment items
Real-World Examples
Small Coop Option (40 sq ft)
A 5×8 foot coop works for minimal space:
- Fits against a garage or shed wall
- Easy to clean with single door access
- Best for mild climates with daily free-ranging
Medium Coop Option (60 sq ft)
A 6×10 foot coop offers more comfort:
- Walk-in design for easy maintenance
- Room for feed storage and supplies
- Better for confined flocks
Large Coop Option (80+ sq ft)
An 8×10 foot coop provides luxury:
- Plenty of space for winter confinement
- Room to expand your flock
- Can incorporate storage and workspace
Special Considerations
Bantam Breeds
For smaller bantams, reduce space needs by 25%. A coop for 10 bantams could be 30 sq ft.
Meat Birds
Cornish Cross and other meat breeds need more space – plan for 5-6 sq ft per bird.
Mixed Flocks
When keeping different species together, size the coop for the largest bird’s requirements.
For more on flock behavior, see our guide on why chickens peck each other.
Building vs Buying
DIY Coop Advantages
- Custom sizing for your exact needs
- Potentially lower cost
- Satisfaction of building it yourself
Pre-Made Coop Benefits
- Convenient and time-saving
- Professionally designed
- Often include warranties
According to Backyard Chickens, proper space prevents many common poultry problems.
Maintenance Tips
- Clean droppings weekly
- Replace bedding monthly
- Disinfect annually
- Check for predators regularly
For seasonal care, read about chicken care during vacations.