Chickens typically require about 10% of their daily diet in scratch grains, approximately 1/4 to 1/2 cup per bird per day, depending on their size and activity level.
Chicken scratch is like candy for your flock – they love it, but too much can cause health problems. Getting the balance right ensures happy, healthy chickens while avoiding nutritional deficiencies. This guide covers everything you need to know about feeding scratch grains properly.
What Exactly Is Chicken Scratch?
Chicken scratch is a mix of grains like corn, wheat, oats, and barley. Unlike complete feeds, it lacks essential nutrients chickens need. Think of it as a treat rather than a staple food.
Common scratch ingredients include:
- Cracked corn
- Millet
- Barley
- Oats
- Wheat
- Sunflower seeds
Why Chickens Love Scratch
Scratch mimics natural foraging behavior. When scattered, chickens will eagerly scratch through bedding or dirt to find every last morsel. This activity provides mental stimulation and exercise.
How Much Scratch to Feed
The golden rule: scratch should never exceed 10% of a chicken’s daily diet. Here’s exactly how much to give:
| Number of Chickens | Daily Scratch Amount | Per Chicken |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 teaspoons | 2 tsp |
| 4 | 1/4 cup | 2 tsp |
| 10 | 1/2 cup | 2 tsp |
When to Feed Scratch
The best times to offer scratch:
- Late afternoon – gives energy for overnight warmth
- During extreme cold – helps maintain body heat
- As training rewards – great for training chickens to come when called
Scratch vs Complete Feed
Unlike commercial feeds, scratch lacks:
- Proper protein levels (only 8-10% vs 16% in layer feed)
- Essential vitamins and minerals
- Calcium for eggshell production
The Risks of Overfeeding Scratch
Too much scratch can cause:
- Obesity
- Fatty liver disease
- Poor egg production
- Nutritional deficiencies
Smart Feeding Practices
1. Always Provide Grit
Chickens need grit to digest scratch properly. Offer oyster shell or granite grit free-choice.
2. Scatter, Don’t Pile
Spread scratch thinly to encourage natural foraging behavior and prevent gorging.
3. Watch for Waste
Uneaten scratch attracts pests. If you see leftovers, reduce the amount.
4. Supplement Wisely
Combine scratch with nutritious treats like mealworms or healthy table scraps.
Special Considerations
Winter Feeding
In cold months, slightly increase scratch to help chickens generate body heat. The extra carbs provide energy for warmth.
Molting Period
During molt, prioritize high-protein feeds over scratch to support feather regrowth.
Broody Hens
Limit scratch for broody hens who aren’t moving much to prevent excessive weight gain.
Making Your Own Scratch Mix
For a healthier alternative to commercial scratch, try this recipe:
- 40% cracked corn
- 30% wheat
- 20% oats
- 10% sunflower seeds
Add dried herbs like oregano for natural health benefits. Store in airtight containers to prevent spoilage.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can baby chicks eat scratch?
No. Chicks need starter feed with 18-20% protein. Wait until at least 12 weeks old before introducing small amounts of scratch.
Is scratch the same as cracked corn?
No. Cracked corn is a single ingredient, while scratch is a grain mix. Both should be limited to treat quantities.
How do I store scratch?
Keep in rodent-proof containers in a cool, dry place. Properly stored, it lasts 3-6 months.
Can scratch replace feed?
Never. Scratch lacks complete nutrition. Always provide quality layer feed as the dietary foundation.
Why do my chickens fight over scratch?
Scattering it widely reduces competition. For persistent issues, see our guide on stopping chicken pecking.