Chickens typically require about 1/4 to 1/3 pound of feed per bird per day, depending on their age, size, and purpose (meat or egg production).
Feeding chickens the right amount is crucial for their health and egg production. Most adult chickens need 1/4 to 1/3 pound of feed daily, but this varies by breed, age, and environment. This guide covers everything from daily portions to special feeding situations.
Standard Chicken Feeding Amounts
The average laying hen consumes about 1/4 pound (0.11 kg) of feed per day. For meat birds, this increases to 1/2 pound daily. Free-range chickens may eat less commercial feed.
| Chicken Type | Daily Feed Amount | Weekly Consumption |
|---|---|---|
| Laying Hens | 1/4 lb (113g) | 1.75 lbs (0.8kg) |
| Meat Chickens | 1/2 lb (227g) | 3.5 lbs (1.6kg) |
| Bantams | 1/8 lb (57g) | 0.875 lbs (0.4kg) |
Factors That Affect Feeding Amounts
1. Age Considerations
- Chicks (0-8 weeks): Free-choice starter crumble
- Pullets (8-20 weeks): 1/8 to 1/4 lb grower feed
- Layers (20+ weeks): 1/4 lb layer feed
2. Breed Differences
Large breeds like Rhode Island Reds need more feed than bantams. Dual-purpose breeds fall in the middle.
3. Production Level
High-producing layers need more nutrients than molting or older hens. Increase feed during peak laying periods.
Feeding Methods Compared
Free-Choice Feeding
Most backyard keepers use this method. Feed is always available in hanging feeders or troughs. Benefits include:
- All chickens eat when ready
- Reduces competition
- Works well for mixed flocks
Scheduled Feeding
Some prefer feeding twice daily:
- Morning: 60% of daily ration
- Evening: 40% of daily ration
This method helps prevent rodents but requires more management.
Supplementing Chicken Feed
While commercial feed provides complete nutrition, supplements can enhance health:
Essential Supplements
- Grit: Helps digestion (learn when to offer grit)
- Calcium: Oyster shell for layers
- Probiotics: Supports gut health
Healthy Treat Options
According to Backyard Chickens, treats should not exceed 10% of daily intake. Good options include:
- Mealworms (high protein)
- Leafy greens
- Pumpkin seeds (natural dewormer)
Special Feeding Situations
Molting Period
Chickens need extra protein during molt. Increase to 18-20% protein feed or supplement with:
- Fish meal
- Soybeans
- Black soldier fly larvae
Winter Feeding
Chickens burn more calories in cold weather. Increase feed by 10-15% when temperatures drop below freezing.
Free-Range Considerations
Free-range chickens may consume 25-50% less commercial feed. Monitor body condition and adjust as needed. Learn about free-range habits to better understand their foraging.
Feed Storage Tips
Proper storage prevents waste and maintains nutrition:
- Use metal containers with tight lids
- Store in cool, dry place
- Use feed within 2 months of milling
- Never feed moldy feed
As noted by The Happy Chicken Coop, proper storage can reduce feed costs by up to 15% through reduced waste.
Troubleshooting Feeding Issues
Overweight Chickens
Signs include decreased egg production and waddling gait. Solutions:
- Reduce treats
- Switch to lower-energy feed
- Increase exercise
Underweight Chickens
Possible causes include parasites or low feed access. Address by:
- Checking for worms
- Adding more feeding stations
- Offering high-protein supplements
Calculating Feed Costs
For 50 chickens eating 1/4 lb daily:
- Daily: 12.5 lbs
- Weekly: 87.5 lbs
- Monthly: 375 lbs
A 50 lb bag would last about 4 days for this flock. Free-ranging could extend this to 5-6 days.