Chickens can eat a variety of vegetables, including leafy greens, carrots, squash, cucumbers, and broccoli, which provide essential nutrients and fiber.
Feeding vegetables to chickens provides essential nutrients while satisfying their natural foraging instincts. A balanced diet of 90% complete feed and 10% treats ensures optimal health and egg production. Discover which vegetables chickens love and how to feed them safely.
Top Vegetables Chickens Can Eat
Chickens enjoy a wide variety of vegetables that boost their health and egg quality. These options provide vitamins, minerals, and hydration.
Leafy Greens
- Kale (high in calcium)
- Spinach (iron-rich)
- Swiss chard (vitamin K source)
- Lettuce (romaine preferred over iceberg)
Crunchy Vegetables
- Carrots (beta carotene for yolk color)
- Cucumbers (summer hydration boost)
- Bell peppers (vitamin C powerhouse)
Winter Squashes
- Pumpkins (seeds act as natural dewormer)
- Zucchini (easy to grow for chickens)
- Butternut squash (vitamin A source)
How to Feed Vegetables to Chickens
Proper preparation ensures chickens get maximum nutrition from vegetables while preventing waste and health issues.
Preparation Methods
| Method | Best For | Tips |
|---|---|---|
| Raw | Leafy greens, cucumbers | Chop large leaves for easier eating |
| Cooked | Carrots, potatoes | Never add salt or seasonings |
| Hanging | Whole cabbage, lettuce | Creates enrichment activity |
Feeding Schedule
Offer vegetables in the afternoon after chickens have eaten their complete feed. This prevents them from filling up on treats first. According to Purina Mills, treats should never exceed 10% of daily intake.
Vegetables to Avoid
Some vegetables can harm chickens or affect egg quality. Always research before introducing new foods.
Toxic Options
- Raw potatoes (contains solanine)
- Onions (can cause anemia)
- Avocado skins/pits (contain persin)
Problematic Vegetables
- Rhubarb leaves (oxalic acid)
- Dried beans (hemagglutinin)
- Moldy vegetables (mycotoxins)
Benefits of Vegetables for Chickens
Adding vegetables to your flock’s diet provides multiple advantages beyond basic nutrition.
Health Improvements
- Brighter yolks from leafy greens
- Better hydration from watery vegetables
- Natural deworming from pumpkin seeds
Behavioral Benefits
- Reduces feather pecking
- Provides mental stimulation
- Encourages natural foraging
For more on chicken behavior, see our guide on stopping chickens from pecking.
Seasonal Feeding Guide
Tailor vegetable offerings to what’s available each season for variety and cost savings.
Summer Favorites
- Chopped watermelon (including rind)
- Cherry tomatoes (avoid leaves/stems)
- Fresh corn (sparingly, high in carbs)
Winter Staples
- Stored squash varieties
- Kale (cold-hardy in many climates)
- Fermented vegetables (improves digestion)
Learn more about keeping chickens comfortable in summer heat while feeding hydrating vegetables.
Special Considerations
Certain situations require adjustments to vegetable feeding practices.
For Broody Hens
Increase protein-rich vegetables like peas to support their metabolic needs during this demanding time.
During Molting
Focus on high-protein options like cooked beans (never raw) to help feather regrowth.
For Chicks
Wait until 2-3 weeks old before introducing finely chopped greens in very small amounts.
Research from Get Strong Animals shows that gradually introducing new vegetables prevents digestive upset in flocks of all ages.