You can give chickens kitchen scraps as treats, but avoid harmful foods like chocolate, onions, and citrus; offer them in moderation for balanced nutrition.
Feeding kitchen scraps to chickens reduces waste and supplements their diet. But timing and food selection matter for your flock’s health. This guide covers everything you need to know about feeding scraps safely.
When to Start Feeding Scraps to Chickens
Wait until chicks are at least 12 weeks old before introducing scraps. Young chicks need a balanced starter feed for proper growth. Early scraps can cause nutritional imbalances.
For egg-laying breeds, wait until they begin laying (around 18-24 weeks) before offering regular scraps. Their calcium needs change during this time.
Signs Your Chickens Are Ready for Scraps
- Fully feathered (no down remaining)
- Eating regular feed consistently
- Active foraging behavior
- Good digestive health (normal droppings)
Best Scraps for Chickens
These kitchen leftovers provide excellent nutrition:
| Food Type | Examples | Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| Vegetables | Carrots, broccoli, kale, squash | Vitamins, fiber |
| Fruits | Apples, berries, melons | Antioxidants, hydration |
| Grains | Rice, pasta, oatmeal | Energy source |
| Protein | Cooked meats, eggs | Muscle development |
Special Treats Chickens Love
- Mealworms (excellent protein source)
- Pumpkin seeds (natural dewormer)
- Watermelon (hydrating summer treat)
Foods to Avoid
Some common foods can harm chickens:
Toxic Foods
- Avocado (contains persin)
- Chocolate (theobromine poisoning)
- Green potato skins (solanine toxin)
Problematic Foods
- Salty foods (can cause kidney damage)
- Moldy food (mycotoxin risk)
- Raw beans (contain hemagglutinin)
According to McMurray Hatchery, nightshade plant leaves (tomato, potato, eggplant) should also be avoided while the fruits are safe.
How to Feed Scraps Properly
Preparation Tips
- Chop large pieces to prevent choking
- Remove pits from fruits
- Cook tough vegetables for easier digestion
Feeding Guidelines
- Offer scraps in the afternoon after they’ve eaten their regular feed
- Limit scraps to 10% of total diet
- Use a clean feeding dish to prevent contamination
For flock management, scatter treats to reduce aggressive pecking during feeding.
Seasonal Feeding Considerations
Summer Feeding
- Offer hydrating fruits like watermelon
- Feed in morning to avoid spoilage
- Provide shade for eating area
Winter Feeding
- Give warm oatmeal or cooked grains
- Increase protein for energy
- Break ice from water sources
As noted by Backyard Chickens members, chickens develop individual preferences – some love yogurt while others prefer fruits.
Health Monitoring
Watch for these signs of problems:
- Changes in droppings
- Reduced appetite for regular feed
- Lethargy after eating scraps
- Abnormal feather condition
If issues arise, stop scraps immediately and consult a poultry veterinarian. Always provide fresh water and grit to help digestion.