Feed chickens grit when they start eating grains or whole feeds, usually around 8 weeks old, to aid digestion and improve nutrient absorption.
Grit is essential for chickens to properly digest their food. Unlike mammals, chickens lack teeth and rely on grit in their gizzard to grind food into digestible particles. Knowing when and how to provide grit ensures your flock stays healthy and productive.
What Is Chicken Grit and Why It’s Crucial
Chicken grit consists of small, hard particles like granite or flint that chickens swallow to aid digestion. These particles accumulate in the gizzard – a muscular stomach organ – where they mechanically break down food.
There are two main types of grit:
- Digestive grit – Small stones or commercial grit for food breakdown
- Oyster shell grit – Provides calcium for eggshell production (not for digestion)
Without adequate grit, chickens may experience:
- Poor nutrient absorption
- Digestive blockages
- Reduced egg production
- Weight loss
When to Start Providing Grit
For Chicks
Chicks don’t need grit if only eating starter crumbles. Introduce chick grit (finer particles) when:
- They begin eating treats (around 2 weeks old)
- You offer greens, insects, or other whole foods
- They transition to grower feed
As chicks grow, their grit needs increase with their diet variety.
For Adult Chickens
Adult chickens need constant access to grit if they eat:
- Whole grains
- Kitchen scraps
- Foraged foods
- Layer pellets (though less critical)
Chickens that free-range extensively may find natural grit, but supplemental grit ensures adequate amounts.
How to Offer Grit to Your Flock
Feeding Methods
Provide grit in:
- Separate containers (free-choice)
- Mixed with feed (for new introductions)
- Scattered in run areas
| Chicken Age | Grit Type | Feeding Method |
|---|---|---|
| 0-2 weeks | None needed | N/A |
| 2-8 weeks | Chick grit (fine) | Small amounts with treats |
| 8+ weeks | Regular grit | Free-choice access |
Grit Sources
Options include:
- Commercial poultry grit (most reliable)
- Clean construction sand (contains small stones)
- Fine gravel (must be appropriately sized)
Avoid sandbox sand or dirt, which lacks proper grinding particles. According to Backyard Chickens forum, construction sand works well as it contains small, sharp particles.
Special Considerations
Winter Feeding
In winter when ground is frozen or snow-covered:
- Increase grit availability
- Monitor consumption
- Consider probiotic-enriched grit for digestive health
Broody Hens
Broody hens leaving the nest infrequently need:
- Grit near nesting area
- Extra when they do eat
- Monitoring for proper digestion
Common Grit Questions Answered
Can Chickens Overeat Grit?
Healthy chickens self-regulate grit intake. They only consume what they need for digestion. However, monitor new introductions to ensure proper consumption.
How Much Grit Do Chickens Need?
An average hen consumes about 1-2 ounces of grit monthly. Provide free-choice access and let chickens determine their needs.
Is Grit Necessary With Commercial Feed?
While commercial pellets are formulated to break down easily, grit is still recommended if chickens access any other food sources. As noted by Audrey’s Little Farm, it’s inexpensive insurance against digestive issues.
Proper grit management ensures your chickens efficiently process all their food, leading to better health, egg production, and overall vitality. By understanding when and how to provide grit, you’re taking an important step in responsible chicken care.