Chickens pull out their feathers due to stress, boredom, nutritional deficiencies, or parasites, often leading to a condition called feather pecking.
Feather pulling in chickens is a frustrating problem that can lead to bald patches, skin injuries, and even cannibalism. While occasional pecking is normal, persistent feather destruction signals underlying issues that need attention.
Common Reasons Chickens Pluck Their Own Feathers
1. Nutritional Deficiencies
Chicken feathers contain 85% protein. When birds lack sufficient protein, methionine, or other nutrients, they may eat feathers to compensate. Key deficiencies include:
- Protein (especially during molting)
- Methionine (an essential amino acid)
- Sodium or phosphorus
Black oil sunflower seeds are an excellent source of methionine. Consider switching to a higher-protein feed (18-22%) during molting seasons.
2. Stress and Boredom
Chickens are intelligent animals that need mental stimulation. Confined birds often develop destructive habits like feather picking. Signs of stress include:
- Overcrowding (less than 4 sq ft per bird indoors)
- Lack of foraging opportunities
- Frequent disturbances
Provide chicken toys like hanging cabbage or pecking blocks to keep them occupied.
3. External Parasites
Mites and lice cause intense itching, leading chickens to over-preen or pluck feathers. Check for:
- Visible bugs near feather shafts
- White lice eggs at feather bases
- Red skin irritation
Treat with poultry-safe insecticides and regular parasite control.
When Feather Loss Isn’t Self-Pecking
Molting
Annual molting causes natural feather loss, typically in fall. Unlike picking, molting:
- Occurs symmetrically
- Doesn’t leave broken feather shafts
- Grows back quickly with proper nutrition
Broodiness
Broody hens pluck breast feathers to line nests. This is temporary and stops when they leave the nest.
Rooster Damage
Over-mating roosters can cause feather loss on hens’ backs and necks. Consider mating saddles if the problem persists.
Proven Solutions to Stop Feather Picking
| Problem | Solution |
|---|---|
| Nutritional deficiency | Switch to high-protein feed, add sunflower seeds |
| Boredom | Provide enrichment activities and more space |
| Parasites | Treat coop and birds with permethrin or diatomaceous earth |
| Overcrowding | Expand coop space (minimum 10 sq ft per bird outdoors) |
Additional Tips:
- Use pinless peepers (anti-pecking devices) on aggressive birds
- Apply bitter apple spray to picked areas
- Separate injured birds immediately to prevent cannibalism
According to Grubbly Farms, slow-feathering breeds are more prone to feather pecking due to tender new feather follicles.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
Consult an avian vet if:
- Bald spots show signs of infection
- Behavior continues despite interventions
- Multiple birds are affected
Persistent feather picking may indicate underlying health issues requiring professional diagnosis. As noted in poultry health guides, some conditions like fatty liver disease can manifest through feather abnormalities.