Keep an injured bird in a box for 24 hours to minimize stress, then assess its condition and consult a wildlife rehabilitator for further care.
Finding an injured bird can be distressing. Knowing how to care for it properly is crucial for its survival. This guide covers everything from initial assessment to proper containment duration.
When to Intervene With an Injured Bird
Not all birds need human help. Assess the situation carefully before acting:
- Nestlings (no feathers) belong back in their nest
- Fledglings (with feathers) often spend days on the ground learning to fly
- Only intervene if the bird is in immediate danger or clearly injured
Signs a Bird Needs Help
- Doesn’t flee when approached
- Feathers constantly fluffed (not just in cold weather)
- Head tilting or balance issues
- Visible wounds or swelling
- Rapid breathing for over 2 hours
Proper Handling Techniques
Birds are fragile. Follow these handling tips:
| Bird Size | Handling Method |
|---|---|
| Small | Cup gently in one hand, head between fingers |
| Medium | Use two hands to support wings |
| Large | Call professionals – risk of injury to both |
Creating a Safe Recovery Space
Prepare a proper containment box:
- Choose a box 2-3 times the bird’s size
- Line with clean paper towels or soft cloth
- Punch air holes before placing bird inside
- Keep in quiet, dark, warm area (70-85°F)
Heat Source Options
Shocked birds may need warmth:
- Hot water bottle wrapped in towel
- Heating pad on low under half the box
- Rice sock warmed in microwave
How Long to Keep the Bird Contained
The ideal containment duration depends on the situation:
- Window collisions: 2-4 hours for recovery
- Cat attacks: Immediate vet care needed
- Other injuries: 24-48 hours maximum
When to Seek Professional Help
Contact a wildlife rehabilitator or vet if:
- No improvement after 4 hours
- Visible wounds or bleeding
- Bird was in a cat’s mouth
- Signs of infection develop
What Not to Do
Avoid these common mistakes:
- Don’t offer food or water unless advised
- Don’t handle more than necessary
- Don’t keep wild birds as pets
- Don’t use wire cages – can damage feathers
Transporting to Wildlife Rehabilitators
When moving the bird:
- Keep box secure and level in vehicle
- Minimize noise and movement
- Don’t play music during transport
- Call ahead to ensure they can accept it
For bird watchers who may encounter injured birds frequently, consider investing in quality bird watching binoculars to assess situations from a distance.
Special Cases: Swifts and Other Unique Birds
Some species require special care:
- Swifts: Never throw into air – contact specialists
- Raptors: Use thick gloves and call experts immediately
- Waterfowl: May need hydration support
Those interested in observing birds safely might explore long-range binoculars to minimize disturbances.
Legal Considerations
Remember:
- Most wild birds are protected by law
- Only licensed rehabilitators can care long-term
- Document where you found the bird for proper release
For more information on proper bird handling equipment, see this RSPCA guide or this Wildlife Trusts resource.
