To nurse a bird back to health, provide a warm, quiet environment, offer hydration and appropriate food, and consult an avian vet for specific care needs.
Finding an injured bird can be distressing, but proper care can save its life. This guide covers everything from initial assessment to rehabilitation, with expert tips for handling different situations.
Assessing the Situation
Not all birds need rescuing. Fledglings learning to fly often appear vulnerable but don’t require intervention. Look for these signs that a bird needs help:
- Visible injuries (broken wings, bleeding)
- Difficulty standing or flying
- Closed or crusty eyes
- Attacked by a cat or dog
When to Intervene
Spring and summer often bring fledglings leaving nests. These birds usually don’t need help unless injured. Adult birds that don’t fly away when approached likely need assistance.
Immediate First Aid Steps
1. Safe Capture Techniques
Approach quietly from behind. Use a towel to gently cover the bird. Hold wings folded against the body. Never grab by wings, legs, or head.
For Small Birds
Cup in both hands with feet supported. Keep in a warm, dark place like a shoebox with air holes.
For Larger Birds
Use thick gloves for protection. Larger species may require specialized handling – consider bird watching binoculars to assess from a distance first.
2. Create a Recovery Space
Prepare a cardboard box with:
- Soft cloth lining (no terry cloth)
- Air holes on sides
- Heating pad on low under half the box
Professional Rehabilitation
Contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator immediately. According to Best Friends Animal Society, only professionals have the proper equipment and training for bird rehabilitation.
Transporting to Help
Keep the box:
- Dark – cover with a light cloth
- Quiet – no radio or talking
- Warm – avoid temperature extremes
Temporary Care Guidelines
If professional help isn’t immediately available:
Hydration
Offer shallow water in a jar lid. Never force water into a bird’s beak.
Nutrition
Different species have specific diets. General options include:
| Bird Type | Food Option |
|---|---|
| Seed eaters | Finch seed mix |
| Insectivores | Mealworms (available at pet stores) |
Special Cases
Cat Attacks
Birds attacked by cats need antibiotics within 24 hours. Cat saliva contains deadly bacteria. Keep warm and get to a rehabber immediately.
Window Collisions
Birds may be temporarily stunned. Place in a dark box for 1-2 hours. If not recovered, seek help. Consider anti-collision stickers to prevent future accidents.
What Not to Do
- Don’t offer bread or milk
- Don’t attempt to set broken bones
- Don’t keep as a pet
- Don’t overhandle
Preventing Future Injuries
Make your yard bird-safe by:
- Keeping cats indoors
- Using window decals
- Providing clean feeders
- Removing fishing line hazards
According to the National Audubon Society, simple changes can dramatically reduce bird injuries in residential areas.
